Biogenesis of Chloroplast Membranes

Chloroplast biogenesis during rehydration of the resurrection plant Xerophyta humilis: parallels to the etioplast-chloroplast transition.

De-etiolation of dark-grown seedlings is a commonly used experimental system to study the mechanisms of chloroplast biogenesis, including the stacking of thylakoid membranes into grana, the response of the nuclear-chloroplast transcriptome to light, and the ordered synthesis and assembly of photosystem II (PSII). Here, we present the xeroplast to chloroplast transition during rehydration of the...

Mechanisms of lipid transport involved in organelle biogenesis in plant cells.

Chloroplasts are the defining organelle of photoautotrophic plant cells. Photosynthetic light reactions and electron transport are the functions of an elaborate thylakoid membrane system inside chloroplasts. The lipid composition of photosynthetic membranes is characterized by a substantial fraction of nonphosphorous galactoglycerolipids reflecting the need of sessile plants to conserve phospho...

Novel chloroplast membranes are involved in protein synthesis and protein import for the biogenesis of the photosynthetic thylakoid membranes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

The biogenesis and assembly of photosynthetic proteins in thylakoid membranes1

3. Conveyance of the PPs to the thylakoid membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.1. Site of translation of the cyanobacterial and chloroplast-encoded PP subunits . . . . . . . 30 3.2. Targeting to the organelle and import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.3. Maturation of the precursor: the processing step . . . . . . ...

Flip-Flop of Phospholipids in Proteoliposomes Reconstituted from Detergent Extract of Chloroplast Membranes: Kinetics and Phospholipid Specificity

Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into distinct sub-cellular organelles by lipid bilayers, which are known to be involved in numerous cellular processes. The wide repertoire of lipids, synthesized in the biogenic membranes like the endoplasmic reticulum and bacterial cytoplasmic membranes are initially localized in the cytosolic leaflet and some of these lipids have to be translocated to t...

The Chloroplast Outer Envelope Membrane: The Edge of Light and Excitement

The chloroplast is surrounded by a double-membrane envelope at which proteins, ions, and numerous metabolites including nucleotides, amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates are exchanged between the two aqueous phases, the cytoplasm and the chloroplast stroma. The chloroplast envelope is also the location where the biosynthesis and accumulation of various lipids take place. By contrast to t...